Quick Answer:
Detailed Answer:
Question: what is the opinion of shi’ite about legislation of Azaan?
Answer: according to many narratives f r o m Ahlul-Bayt (the households of the prophet –s.s-) pure Imams, Imamite Shi’ia believe that Azaan (announcement) and Iqaama (second prayer call) are parts of religion and divine law and The Exalted God has revealed them upon the heart of the messenger of God –s.a-. The same as prayer, Azaan is also obligated by God, and both have the same origin. And none of human beings have interfered in the legislation of Azaan. By taking a general look at Azaan -f r o m <Allahu akbar> to <La ilaaha illallah>-, you can see the signs of God, and sweet, pure and prominent meanings, and exalted content which take the mind of human being beyond the mankind‘s perception. If someone interferes in its content and reduce or adds a sentence, it will lead in incompatibility. Consequently, Ahlul-Bayt pure Imams -pbut- believe it is The Exalted God who has legislated Azaan. The Gabriel has brought it down and taught it to the prophet –s.a-, and he taught that to Bilaal and nobody has interfered in its legislation. This is one of the certainties for Imams. Here we refer to some narratives in this regard:
1. Kulaini has narrated f r o m Imam Baaqer – this hadith has a valid document- that he said:” when in a night journey, the messenger of God –s.a- was ascended to the heaven, he arrived Al-bayt Al-ma’mur (the heavenly house), and it was prayer time, the Gabriel called out Azaan and Iqaamah, the prophet –s.a- stood forth and the angels and the prophets queued behind him.
2. he also has narrated (which has confirmed the validity of this hadith) f r o m Imam Saadeq that he said:” when the Gabriel brought down Azaan upon the prophet –s.a-, his head was on the legs of Imam Ali –pbuh-, the Gabriel called out Azaan and Iqaamah, when the prophet (opened his eyes) woke up, Imam Ali asked him” did you hear that?”, “yes I did”, the prophet answered (1). He asked again “did you memorize it?”, the prophet replied “yes I did”, and asked to call Bilaal, Imam Ali –pbuh- called him and the prophet taught him Azaan and Iqaamah”.
3. Kulayni has also narrated f r o m ‘Umar Ibne Ozaynah and he f r o m Imam Saadeq –pbuh- that he said:” are you narrating f r o m them”, “narrating about what?”, I replied. he said” about Azaan”. I said” they say that Oby Ibne Ka’b has had a dream about Azaan”. He said” it’s all false. The religion of God is more honorable than be seen in the dream”. It is said that Sodeyr Seyrafi told Imam Saadeq –pbuh-: “please tell us something in this regard”. “When in a night journey, The Exalted God ascended the messenger of God to the heaven,…(it is the same as the above-mentioned story) ”Imam Saadeq –pbuh- said. (2)
4. in Zakari, Shahid has narrated f r o m a Shi’ite jurist of the early of four century, Ibne Aby ‘Aqil and he has narrated f r o m Imam Saadeq –pbuh- that he has cursed the people who thought the messenger of God –s.a- has learned Azaan f r o m ‘Abdullaah Ibne Zeid, he then said” divine revelation is revealed upon the prophet –s.a-, nevertheless you think that he has learned Azaan f r o m ‘Abdullaah Ibne Zeid”. (3)
Not only the shi’ites have narrated these narratives f r o m Ahlul-Bayt pure Imams –pbut-, but also the Sunnites (such as Haakem and others) have narrated the same narratives f r o m them, here we mention some of them:
5. Haakem has narrated f r o m Sofyaan Al-layl that” after what happened for Imam Hassan Ibne Ali –pbuh-, we went to see him in Medina, a discussion of Azaan was put forward. Some of us said:” the origin of Azaan was a dream of ‘Abdullaah Ibne Zeid”. Imam Hassan Ibne Ali –pbuh- said:” the status of Azaan is more prominent than be seen in a dream. The Gabriel said twice the sentences of Azaan in the heaven and taught it to the prophet –s.a-, and said once the sentences of Iqaama and taught that to the prophet –s.a-“. (4)
6. Haarun Ibne Saeed has narrated f r o m Shahid Zeid Ibne Ali Ibne Hossein –pbuh- and he f r o m his fathers and they f r o m Imam Ali –pbuh- that the prophet –s.a- was taught Azaan in the ascension to the heaven, and prayer became obligatory to him. (5) (6)
1. Imam Ali –pbuh- was Muhaddath (the inspired relater) and he used to hear the words of the angels. R.K: Sahih Bukhari and its commentary which is named as Ershaad Alsaari: volume6, page 99, another things about the people who were not prophets, but they heard the word of the angel, or talked to them in the Unseen.
2. Kaafi: volume3, page 302 chapter of the outset of Azaan, hadith 1 and 2; Baab Al-navaader, page 482, Hadith1. It will be referred to that around twelve people have claimed that they have had dreams about Azaan.
3. Vasaa’el Al-shi’ia, page4, page612, the first chapter of Azaan and Iqaama chapters, Hadith 3
4. Mustadrak Haakem, volume3, page171, Ma’refah Al-Sahaaba book
5. Kanzul-Ummaal,Volume6, page 277, number 398
6. The aspects of Shi’ite’s creed, Page 376
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